In this way the child's self-confidence and self-discipline would increase and the teacher would have only a limited role. Developing the ideas of Jean Itard and Edouard Séguin, she advocated the use of a ‘prepared environment’ in which the child would be provided with a variety of sensory materials and be allowed to progress at its own pace. In 1909 Montessori set out her educational system in a book, Il metodo della pedagogia scientifica (translated as The Montessori Method, 1912), to encourage others to adopt the same approach. After this successful experiment she devoted herself to the education of normal children. This experience, coupled with her studies in philosophy, psychology, and education, prompted her in 1907 to open the first Casa dei Bambini (‘children's house’), a school in which she applied her own ideas about teaching to children of normal intelligence from the San Lorenzo slum district of Rome. In 1896 she became the first woman in Italy to receive a medical degree, after which she began to work with retarded children in the psychiatric clinic of the university. Italian physician and educationalist who revolutionized the teaching of infants by devising the Montessori method.īorn in Ancona into a noble family, Montessori studied medicine at the University of Rome.
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